ASTM A213/A213M Standard Specification for Seamless Ferritic and Austenitic Alloy-Steel Boiler, Superheater, and Heat-Exchanger Tubes

ASTM A213/A213M無縫鐵素體和奧氏體合金鋼鍋爐、過熱器和換熱器管標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)范

ASTM A213/A213M specification covers seamless ferritic and austenitic steel boiler, superheater, and heat-exchanger tubes. Grades containing the letter H in their designation have requirements different from those of similar grades not containing the letter H. These different requirements provide higher creep-rupture strength than normally achievable in similar grades without these different requirements. The tubes shall be made by the seamless process and shall be either hot finished or cold finished, as specified. Grade TP347HFG shall be cold finished. Heat treatment shall be done separately and in addition to heating for hot forming. The ferritic alloy and ferritic stainless steels shall be reheated. On the other hand, austenitic stainless steel tubes shall be furnished in the heat-treated condition. Alternatively, immediately after hot forming, while the temperature of the tubes is not less than the minimum solution temperature, tubes may be individually quenched in water or rapidly cooled by other means. Tension test, hardness test, flattening test, and flaring test shall be done to each tube. Also, each tube shall be subjected to the nondestructive electric test or hydrostatic test.

ASTM A213/A213M規(guī)范涵蓋了無縫鐵素體和奧氏體鋼鍋爐、過熱器和換熱器管。在其名稱中包含字母H的等級的要求與不含字母H的類似等級的要求不同。這些不同的要求提供了比沒有這些不同要求的類似等級通?？蛇_到的更高的蠕變斷裂強度。管子應(yīng)采用無縫工藝制造，并應(yīng)按規(guī)定進行熱加工或冷加工。TP347HFG級應(yīng)進行冷加工。除了熱成型加熱外，熱處理應(yīng)單獨進行。鐵素體合金和鐵素體不銹鋼應(yīng)重新加熱。另一方面，奧氏體不銹鋼管應(yīng)在熱處理條件下提供。或者，在熱成型后，當(dāng)管的溫度不低于最低溶液溫度時，管可以單獨在水中淬火或通過其他方式快速冷卻。應(yīng)對每根管子進行拉伸試驗、硬度試驗、壓扁試驗和擴口試驗。此外，每根管子都應(yīng)進行無損電試驗或水壓試驗。

1. Surface state表面狀態(tài)
   Austenitic steel pipe should be washed to remove the scale, when the use of bright annealing, you do not need pickling. 奧氏體鋼管應(yīng)清洗去除氧化皮，使用光亮退火時，不需要酸洗。
2. Chemical analysis of finished products成品化學(xué)分析
   It shall be analyzed from one billet or one pipe per furnace, and the chemical composition determined accordingly shall meet the specified requirements.

每爐應(yīng)從一個鋼坯或一根管子進行分析，相應(yīng)確定的化學(xué)成分應(yīng)符合規(guī)定的要求。

3. Mechanical test and grain size機械試驗和粒度
   (1) Tensile test:Such as each batch of steel pipe ≤ 50 root, then take a sample for tensile test; each batch of steel pipe> 50, then two steel pipes should take two samples for tensile test.

1. 拉伸試驗：如每批鋼管≤50根，則取樣進行拉伸試驗；每批鋼管>50根，則兩根鋼管應(yīng)取兩個樣品進行拉伸試驗。
   (2) Flattening test: in each batch of a finished tube at both ends of each sample to take a flattening test, but the root can not used as a flaring sample.
2. 壓扁試驗：在每批成品管的兩端各取一個試樣進行壓扁試驗，但根部不能用作擴口試樣。
   (3) Flaring test: in each batch of a finished tube at both ends of a sample for a flaring test, but the root canal can not be used as a flattening sample.
3. 擴口試驗：在每批成品管兩端各取一個樣品進行擴口試驗，但根管不能用作壓扁樣品。
   (4) Hardness test: from each batch of two tubes on the sample to do Brinell or Rockwell hardness test.
4. 硬度測試：從每批兩根管子上取樣品做布氏或洛氏硬度測試。
   (5) Water pressure test: each pipe should be hydrostatic test. When the buyer is specified, a non-destructive test may be used instead.
5. 水壓試驗：每根管道應(yīng)進行水壓試驗。當(dāng)指定買方時，可以使用無損檢測代替。
   (6) Grain size: according to ASME E112 standard test. 粒度：根據(jù)ASME E112標(biāo)準(zhǔn)測試。

ASTM A213/A213M -17 Standard Specification for Seamless Ferritic and Austenitic Alloy-Steel Boiler, Superheater, and Heat-Exchanger Tubes. This specification covers seamless ferritic and austenitic steel boiler, superheater, and heat-exchanger tubes. Grades containing the letter H in their designation have requirements different from those of similar grades not containing the letter H. These different requirements provide higher creep-rupture strength than normally achievable in similar grades without these different requirements. The tubes shall be made by the seamless process and shall be either hot finished or cold finished, as specified. Grade TP347HFG shall be cold finished. Heat treatment shall be done separately and in addition to heating for hot forming. The ferritic alloy and ferritic stainless steels shall be reheated. On the other hand, austenitic stainless steel tubes shall be furnished in the heat-treated condition. Alternatively, immediately after hot forming, while the temperature of the tubes is not less than the minimum solution temperature, tubes may be individually quenched in water or rapidly cooled by other means. Tension test, hardness test, flattening test, and flaring test shall be done to each tube. Also, each tube shall be subjected to the nondestructive electric test or hydrostatic test. This abstract is a brief summary of the referenced standard. It is informational only and not an official part of the standard; the full text of the standard itself must be referred to for its use and application. ASTM does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents of this abstract are accurate, complete or up to date.

ASTM A213/A213M-17無縫鐵素體和奧氏體合金鋼鍋爐、過熱器和換熱器管的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)范。本規(guī)范涵蓋了無縫鐵素體和奧氏體鋼鍋爐、過熱器和換熱器管。在其名稱中包含字母H的等級的要求與不含字母H的類似等級的要求不同。這些不同的要求提供了比沒有這些不同要求的類似等級通?？蛇_到的更高的蠕變斷裂強度。管子應(yīng)采用無縫工藝制造，并應(yīng)按規(guī)定進行熱加工或冷加工。TP347HFG級應(yīng)進行冷加工。除了熱成型加熱外，熱處理應(yīng)單獨進行。鐵素體合金和鐵素體不銹鋼應(yīng)重新加熱。另一方面，奧氏體不銹鋼管應(yīng)在熱處理條件下提供。或者，在熱成型后，當(dāng)管的溫度不低于最低溶液溫度時，管可以單獨在水中淬火或通過其他方式快速冷卻。應(yīng)對每根管子進行拉伸試驗、硬度試驗、壓扁試驗和擴口試驗。此外，每根管子都應(yīng)進行無損電試驗或水壓試驗。本摘要是對參考標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的簡要總結(jié)。它僅供參考，不是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的官方部分；使用和應(yīng)用時必須參考標(biāo)準(zhǔn)本身的全文。ASTM不提供任何明示或暗示的保證，也不表示本摘要的內(nèi)容是準(zhǔn)確、完整或最新的。

Scope范圍

1. Maximum, unless range or minimum is indicated. Where ellipses (...) appear in this table, there is no requirement, and analysis for the element need not be determined or reported.

1. 最大值，除非指定了范圍或最小值。如果此表中出現(xiàn)橢圓（…），則沒有要求，也不需要確定或報告元素的分析。
   (B) It is permissible to order T2 and T12 with a sulfur content of 0.045 max. See 16.3.
2. 允許訂購硫含量最大為0.045的T2和T12。見16.3。
   (C) Alternatively, in lieu of this ratio minimum, the material shall have a minimum hardness of 275 HV in the hardened condition, defined as after austenitizing and cooling to room temperature but prior to tempering. Hardness testing shall be performed at mid-thickness of the product. Hardness test frequency shall be two samples of product per heat treatment lot and the hardness testing results shall be reported on the material test report.
3. 或者，代替該最小比率，材料在硬化條件下的最小硬度應(yīng)為275 HV，即奧氏體化和冷卻至室溫后但回火前。硬度測試應(yīng)在產(chǎn)品的中間厚度進行。硬度測試頻率應(yīng)為每個熱處理批次兩個產(chǎn)品樣品，硬度測試結(jié)果應(yīng)在材料測試報告中報告。
   (D) The terms Niobium (Nb) and Columbium (Cb) are alternate names for the same element.
4. 鈮（Nb）和鈮（Cb）是同一元素的替代名稱。
   (A) Maximum, unless a range or minimum is indicated. Where ellipses (...) appear in this table, there is no minimum and analysis for the element need not be determined or reported.

1. 最大值，除非指定了范圍或最小值。如果此表中出現(xiàn)橢圓（…），則沒有最小值，也不需要確定或報告元素的分析。
   (B) The method of analysis for Nitrogen shall be a matter of agreement between the purchaser and the producer.
2. 氮氣的分析方法應(yīng)由買方和生產(chǎn)商協(xié)商確定。
   (C) For these alloys, there is no common grade designation. The UNS number uniquely identifies these alloys.
3. 對于這些合金，沒有通用的牌號。UNS編號唯一標(biāo)識這些合金。
   (D) For small diameter or thin walls, or both, where many drawing passes are required, a carbon maximum of 0.040% is necessary in Grades TP304L, TP304LN, TP316L, and TP316LN.
4. 對于小直徑或薄壁，或兩者兼而有之，需要許多拉拔道次，TP304L、TP304LN、TP316L和TP316LN級的碳含量最高為0.040%。
   (E) Grade S30434 shall have (Ti + 1/2 Nb) of not less than 2 times and not more than 4 times the carbon content.
5. S30434級應(yīng)具有不小于2倍且不大于4倍的碳含量（Ti+1/2 Nb）。
   (F) Grade TP347LN shall have an Nb content of not less than 15 times the carbon content.
6. TP347LN級的Nb含量不得低于碳含量的15倍
   (G) Grade TP348 shall have an Nb + Ta content of not less than 10 times the carbon content and not more than 1.10%.
7. TP348級的Nb+Ta含量應(yīng)不低于碳含量的10倍，且不超過1.10%。
   (H) Grade TP348H shall have an Nb + Ta content of not less than 8 times the carbon content and not more than 1.10%.
8. TP348H級的Nb+Ta含量應(yīng)不低于碳含量的8倍，且不超過1.10%。
   (I) Iron shall be determined arithmetically by difference of 100 minus the sum of the other specified elements.
1. 鐵應(yīng)通過100減去其他指定元素之和的差值進行算術(shù)測定。
   (J) Al + Ti shall be 0.85 % min; 1.20 % max.
10. Al+Ti應(yīng)至少為0.85%；最大1.20%。
    (K) Grade TP444 shall have Ni + Cu = 1.00 max.
11. TP444級應(yīng)具有最大鎳+銅=1.00。
    (L) Grade TP444 shall have Ti + Nb content not less than 0.20 + 4(C+N) and not more than 0.80 %.
50. TP444級的Ti+Nb含量不得低于0.20+4（C+N），也不得超過0.80%。
    (M) N08020 shall have an Nb + Ta content of not less than 8 times the carbon content and not more than 1.00%.
1000. N08020的Nb+Ta含量不得低于碳含量的8倍，也不得超過1.00%。
      (N) The terms Niobium (Nb) and Columbium (Cb) are alternate names for the same element.
14. 鈮（Nb）和鈮（Cb）是同一元素的替代名稱。

Grades containing the letter, H, in their designation, have requirements different from those of similar grades not containing the letter, H. These different requirements provide higher creep-rupture strength than normally achievable in similar grades without these different requirements.

在其名稱中包含字母H的等級的要求與不含字母H的類似等級的要求不同。這些不同的要求提供了比沒有這些不同要求的類似等級通?？蛇_到的更高的蠕變斷裂強度。

The tubing sizes and thicknesses usually furnished to this specification are 1/8 in. [3.2 mm] in inside diameter to 5 in. [127 mm] in outside diameter and 0.015 to 0.500 in. [0.4 to 12.7 mm], inclusive, in minimum wall thickness or, if specified in the order, average wall thickness. Tubing having other diameters may be furnished, provided such tubes comply with all other requirements of this specification.

本規(guī)范中通常提供的管材尺寸和厚度為內(nèi)徑1/8英寸[3.2毫米]至外徑5英寸[127毫米]，最小壁厚為0.015至0.500英寸[0.4至12.7毫米]，如果訂單中有規(guī)定，則為平均壁厚?？梢蕴峁┚哂衅渌睆降墓茏樱疤崾沁@些管子符合本規(guī)范的所有其他要求。

The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M” designation of this specification is specified in the order.

以國際單位制或英寸-磅單位表示的值應(yīng)單獨視為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值。在文本中，國際單位制顯示在括號中。每個系統(tǒng)中所述的值可能不是完全等效的；因此，每個系統(tǒng)都應(yīng)獨立使用。將兩個系統(tǒng)的值結(jié)合起來可能會導(dǎo)致不符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。除非訂單中指定了本規(guī)范的“M”名稱，否則應(yīng)采用英寸-磅單位。

Referenced Documents (purchase separately)參考文件（單獨購買）

ASTM Standards  ASTM標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

• A262 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels
• A262奧氏體不銹鋼晶間腐蝕敏感性檢測規(guī)程
• A941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Related Alloys, and Ferroalloys
• A941鋼、不銹鋼、相關(guān)合金和鐵合金相關(guān)術(shù)語
• A1016/A1016M Specification for General Requirements for Ferritic Alloy Steel, Austenitic Alloy Steel, and Stainless Steel Tubes
• A1016/A1016M鐵素體合金鋼、奧氏體合金鋼和不銹鋼管的一般要求規(guī)范
• E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
• E112測定平均粒徑的試驗方法

AWS Specifications  AWS規(guī)范

• A5.23/A5.23M Specification for Low-Alloy Steel Electrodes and Fluxes for Submerged Arc Welding
• A5.23/A5.23M埋弧焊用低合金鋼焊條和焊劑規(guī)范
• A5.5/A5.5M
• 5.5米/5.5米

Terminology術(shù)語

Definitionx—For definitions of terms used in this speci- fication, refer to Terminology A 941.

定義x——有關(guān)本規(guī)范中使用的術(shù)語的定義，請參閱術(shù)語A941。

Ordering Information訂購信息

It shall be the responsibility of the purchaser to specify all requirements that are necessary for products under this specification. Such requirements to be considered include, but are not limited to, the following:買方應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)規(guī)定本規(guī)范下產(chǎn)品所需的所有要求。需要考慮的此類要求包括但不限于以下內(nèi)容：

1. 1. Quantity (feet, metres, or number of lengths),

1.1數(shù)量（英尺、米或長度），

1. 2. Name of material (seamless tubes),

1.2材料名稱（無縫管），

1. 3. Grade (Tables 1 and 2),

1.3等級（表1和表2），

1. 4. Condition (hot finished or cold finished),

1.4條件（熱加工或冷加工），

1. 5. Controlled structural characteristics (see 6.3),

1.5受控結(jié)構(gòu)特征（見6.3），

1. 6. Size (outside diameter and minimum wall thickness, unless average wall thickness is specified),

1.6尺寸（外徑和最小壁厚，除非規(guī)定了平均壁厚），

1. 7. Length (specific or random),

1.7長度（特定或隨機），

1. 8. Hydrostatic Test or Nondestructive Electric Test (see 10.1),

1.8水壓試驗或無損電試驗（見10.1），

1. 9. Specification designation and year of issue,

1.9規(guī)范名稱和發(fā)布年份，

1. 10. Increased sulfur (for machinability, see Note B, Table 1, and 15.3), and

1.10硫含量增加（可加工性見注B、表1和15.3），以及

1. 11. Special requirements and any supplementary require- ments selected.

1.11選擇的特殊要求和任何補充要求。

General Requirements一般要求

Product furnished to this specification shall conform to the requirements of Specification A 1016/A 1016M, including any supplementary requirements that are indicated in the purchase order. Failure to comply with the general require- ments of Specification A 1016/A 1016M constitutes noncon- formance with this specification. In case of conflict between the requirements of this specification and Specification A 1016/ A 1016M, this specification shall prevail.

根據(jù)本規(guī)范提供的產(chǎn)品應(yīng)符合規(guī)范A 1016/A 1016M的要求，包括采購訂單中指出的任何補充要求。不符合規(guī)范A 1016/A 1016M的一般要求構(gòu)成不符合本規(guī)范。如果本規(guī)范的要求與規(guī)范A 1016/A 1016M之間存在沖突，應(yīng)以本規(guī)范為準(zhǔn)。

Materials and Manufacture材料與制造

1 Manufacture and Condition—Tubes shall be made by the seamless process and shall be either hot finished or cold finished, as specified. Grade TP347HFG shall be cold finished.

1制造和條件——管子應(yīng)采用無縫工藝制造，并應(yīng)按規(guī)定進行熱加工或冷加工。TP347HFG級應(yīng)進行冷加工。

Heat Treatment熱處理

1 Ferritic Alloy and Ferritic Stainlexx Steelx—The fer- ritic alloy and ferritic stainless steels shall be reheated for heat treatment in accordance with the requirements of Table 3. Heat treatment shall be carried out separately and in addition to heating for hot forming.

1鐵素體合金和鐵素體不銹鋼應(yīng)按照表3的要求重新加熱進行熱處理。熱處理應(yīng)單獨進行，并在熱成型加熱之外進行。

2 Auxtenitic Stainlexx Steelx—All austenitic tubes shall be furnished in the heat-treated condition, and shall be heat treated in accordance with the requirements of Table 3. Alter- natively, immediately after hot forming, while the temperature of the tubes is not less than the minimum solution treatment temperature specified in Table 3, tubes may be individually quenched in water or rapidly cooled by other means (direct quenched).

2奧氏體不銹鋼——所有奧氏體管應(yīng)在熱處理狀態(tài)下提供，并應(yīng)按照表3的要求進行熱處理?；蛘撸跓岢尚秃?，當(dāng)管子的溫度不低于表3中規(guī)定的最低固溶處理溫度時，管子可以單獨在水中淬火或通過其他方式快速冷卻（直接淬火）。

3 If any controlled structural characteristics are required, these shall be so specified in the order as to be a guide as to the most suitable heat treatment.

3如果需要任何受控的結(jié)構(gòu)特性，則應(yīng)在訂單中予以規(guī)定，作為最合適的熱處理指南。

Heat Treatment and Grain Size RequirementsA熱處理和粒度要求A

Note筆記

A Maximum, unless range or minimum is indicated. Where ellipses (...) appear in this table, there is no requirement, and analysis for the element need not be determined or reported.

A最大值，除非指定了范圍或最小值。如果此表中出現(xiàn)橢圓（…），則沒有要求，也不需要確定或報告元素的分析。

B It is permissible to order T2 and T12 with a sulfur content of 0.045 max. See 16.3.

B允許訂購硫含量最大為0.045的T2和T12。見16.3。

C Alternatively, in lieu of this ratio minimum, the material shall have a minimum hardness of 275 HV in the hardened condition, defined as after austenitizing and cooling to room temperature but prior to tempering.

C或者，代替該最小比率，材料在硬化條件下的最小硬度應(yīng)為275 HV，即奧氏體化和冷卻至室溫后但回火前的硬度。

Hardness test frequency shall be two samples of product per heat treatment lot and the hardness testing results shall be reported on the material test report.

硬度測試頻率應(yīng)為每個熱處理批次兩個產(chǎn)品樣品，硬度測試結(jié)果應(yīng)在材料測試報告中報告。